The Falaj system and water Springs

Sub Section: Beaches Wadis Falajs

Falaj (pl. aflaaj)

     means a system for the distribution of water and is commonly used to describe the irrigation channel system downstream of the water's source.

Aflaaj can be divided into 3 types:

• The da'ndi - these are long tunnels (qanat) dug into the ground up to depths of dozens of metres and extendin for several kilometres. The water flows continuously all the year round. The course of a qanat is marked by the series of access holes used in tunnelling. The access holes are left open after tunnelling as inspection vents.
• The aini - these derive water from a sprin , including a hot spring.
• The ghiayl - a channel tapping a flow in the upper gravels of a wadi.

     There are now over 4,000 aflaaj scattered throughout the Sultanate, with the highest concentration in Sohar.

     When the falaj waters reach the population, the inhabitants draw off their needs and the rest is distributed to agricultural plots according to an exact system of apportioning the hours of the day under the supervision of an elected member of the community. A proportion of the agricultural harvest is allocated as a contribution towards the upkeep of the aflaaj and irrigation ditches.

     Since the 1970's the government has taken steps to maintain this precious heritage by restoring aflaa7, and making them more efficient by digging support wells and ensuring an optimum use of water by introducing modern irrigation systems.

SPRINGS

There are hot and cold springs in several areas of the country. The best known hot springs are in Rustaq and Nahkl, whilst the most beautiful cold spring is Ain Razat in Salalah.

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eco-tourism:- Beaches Wadis Falajs

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